diff --git a/astro.config.mjs b/astro.config.mjs
index 19c2d18..7959354 100644
--- a/astro.config.mjs
+++ b/astro.config.mjs
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
-import { defineConfig } from 'astro/config';
+import {defineConfig} from 'astro/config';
 
 import sitemap from '@astrojs/sitemap';
 
 import mdx from '@astrojs/mdx';
 
-import { remarkWordCount } from './src/plugins/remark/wordcount.js';
+import {remarkWordCount} from './src/plugins/remark/wordcount.js';
 
 import cloudflare from '@astrojs/cloudflare';
 import remarkMath from "remark-math";
@@ -14,28 +14,33 @@ import partytown from '@astrojs/partytown';
 import {remarkModifiedTime} from "./src/plugins/remark/modified-time.mjs";
 
 export default defineConfig({
-  site: 'https://terminal-blog.example.com',
-  base: '/',
-  trailingSlash: 'ignore',
-  redirects: {
-    // for the old routes still can be accessed
-    "/post/[...slug]": "/blog/[...slug]"
-  },
-
-  build: {
-    format: 'directory'
-  },
-
-  markdown: {
-    shikiConfig: {
-      theme: 'nord',
-      wrap: true
+    site: 'https://terminal-blog.example.com',
+    base: '/',
+    trailingSlash: 'ignore',
+    redirects: {
+        // for the old routes still can be accessed
+        "/post/[...slug]": "/blog/[...slug]"
     },
-    remarkPlugins: [ remarkMath, remarkWordCount, remarkModifiedTime ],
-    rehypePlugins: [ rehypeKatex ]
-  },
 
-  integrations: [sitemap(), mdx(), partytown()],
+    build: {
+        format: 'directory'
+    },
 
-  adapter: cloudflare()
+    markdown: {
+        shikiConfig: {
+            theme: 'nord',
+            wrap: true
+        },
+        remarkPlugins: [remarkMath, remarkWordCount, remarkModifiedTime],
+        rehypePlugins: [rehypeKatex]
+    },
+
+    i18n: {
+        locales: ["en", "zh_hans"],
+        defaultLocale: "en",
+    },
+
+    integrations: [sitemap(), mdx(), partytown()],
+
+    adapter: cloudflare()
 });
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/components/BackToTop.astro b/src/components/BackToTop.astro
index 3fe2679..88a73a1 100644
--- a/src/components/BackToTop.astro
+++ b/src/components/BackToTop.astro
@@ -1,8 +1,13 @@
 ---
 import {siteConfig} from "../config";
+import { getLangFromUrl, useTranslations, useTranslatedPath } from '../i18n/utils';
+
+const lang = getLangFromUrl(Astro.url);
+const t = useTranslations(lang);
+const translatePath = useTranslatedPath(lang);
 const noscript = siteConfig.noClientJavaScript
 ---
-{noscript ? <a href="#top"><button id="toTopBtn" style="display: block" title="Go to top">Top</button></a> : <button id="toTopBtn" title="Go to top">Top</button>
+{noscript ? <a href="#top"><button id="toTopBtn" style="display: block" title={t('widget.back_to_top.title')}>{t('widget.back_to_top')}</button></a> : <button id="toTopBtn" title={t('widget.back_to_top.title')}>{t('widget.back_to_top')}</button>
 <script>
     // Get the button
     let toTopButton = document.getElementById("toTopBtn");
diff --git a/src/components/NewsLetter.astro b/src/components/NewsLetter.astro
index d4b77cc..510e27f 100644
--- a/src/components/NewsLetter.astro
+++ b/src/components/NewsLetter.astro
@@ -1,16 +1,21 @@
 ---
-const { listmonkInstance, listuuid } = Astro.props;
+import { getLangFromUrl, useTranslations, useTranslatedPath } from '../i18n/utils';
 
+const lang = getLangFromUrl(Astro.url);
+const t = useTranslations(lang);
+const translatePath = useTranslatedPath(lang);
+const { listmonkInstance, listuuid } = Astro.props;
 const inputId = Astro.props.listuuid.substring(0,5)
 ---
 <details>
-<summary>Subscribe to newsletter</summary>
+<summary>{t('subscribe.newsletter')}}</summary>
+    <small>{t('subscribe.newsletter.description')}</small>
     <form method="post" action={`https://${listmonkInstance}/subscription/form`} class="listmonk-form">
         <div>
             <input type="hidden" name="nonce" />
 
-            <input type="email" name="email" required placeholder="E-mail" />
-            <input type="text" name="name" placeholder="Name (optional)" />
+            <input type="email" name="email" required placeholder={t('subscribe.newsletter.email_label')} />
+            <input type="text" name="name" placeholder={t('subscribe.newsletter.name_label')} />
             <input id={inputId} type="checkbox" name="l" checked="checked" value={listuuid} hidden />
 
             <input type="submit" value="Subscribe" />
diff --git a/src/components/ReplyViaEmail.astro b/src/components/ReplyViaEmail.astro
index 98fbca7..28835c7 100644
--- a/src/components/ReplyViaEmail.astro
+++ b/src/components/ReplyViaEmail.astro
@@ -1,5 +1,10 @@
 ---
 import {siteConfig} from "../config";
+import { getLangFromUrl, useTranslations, useTranslatedPath } from '../i18n/utils';
+
+const lang = getLangFromUrl(Astro.url);
+const t = useTranslations(lang);
+const translatePath = useTranslatedPath(lang);
 const { title, email = siteConfig.defaultAuthor.email } = Astro.props;
 ---
-<a href={`mailto:${email}?subject=RE:${title}&body=Hi,\n\nI would like to reply to your post "${title}".`}>&#x21A9; Reply via Email</a>
\ No newline at end of file
+<a href={`mailto:${email}?subject=RE:${title}&body=${t('article.reply_via_email.body')} "${title}".`}>&#x21A9; {t('article.reply_via_email')}</a>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/components/Search.astro b/src/components/Search.astro
index 82dff35..838d93e 100644
--- a/src/components/Search.astro
+++ b/src/components/Search.astro
@@ -1,5 +1,10 @@
 ---
 import {siteConfig} from "../config";
+import { getLangFromUrl, useTranslations, useTranslatedPath } from '../i18n/utils';
+
+const lang = getLangFromUrl(Astro.url);
+const t = useTranslations(lang);
+const translatePath = useTranslatedPath(lang);
 const noscript = siteConfig.noClientJavaScript
 const searchEngine = siteConfig.searchEngine || 'google'
 const domain = Astro.url.host
@@ -10,7 +15,7 @@ const domain = Astro.url.host
         "https://www.google.com/search"} method="GET" target="_blank">
   <div>
     <label for="search-input"><span class="command">search</span></label>
-    <input name="q" type="text" id="search-input" class="search-input"  autocomplete="off" placeholder="Type to search..." />
+    <input name="q" type="text" id="search-input" class="search-input"  autocomplete="off" placeholder={t('search.placeholder')} />
     {searchEngine === "duckduckgo" &&
         <input type="hidden" name="sites" value={domain} />
     }
@@ -32,7 +37,7 @@ const domain = Astro.url.host
       type="text" 
       id="search-input" 
       class="search-input" 
-      placeholder="Type to search..."
+      placeholder={t('search.placeholder')}
       autocomplete="off"
     />
   </div>
diff --git a/src/components/TableOfContents.astro b/src/components/TableOfContents.astro
index 4345944..72ef2f0 100644
--- a/src/components/TableOfContents.astro
+++ b/src/components/TableOfContents.astro
@@ -1,5 +1,11 @@
 ---
 import type { MarkdownHeading } from 'astro';
+import { getLangFromUrl, useTranslations, useTranslatedPath } from '../i18n/utils';
+
+const lang = getLangFromUrl(Astro.url);
+const t = useTranslations(lang);
+const translatePath = useTranslatedPath(lang);
+
 
 interface Props {
     headings: MarkdownHeading[];
@@ -34,7 +40,7 @@ function buildHierarchy(headings: MarkdownHeading[]) {
 const toc = buildHierarchy(filteredHeadings);
 ---
 <details>
-    <summary>Table of Contents</summary>
+    <summary>{t('article.toc')}</summary>
     <ul class="toc-list">
         {
             toc.map((heading) => (
diff --git a/src/components/ThemeSwitcher.astro b/src/components/ThemeSwitcher.astro
index df8b8ab..af482c3 100644
--- a/src/components/ThemeSwitcher.astro
+++ b/src/components/ThemeSwitcher.astro
@@ -1,11 +1,16 @@
 ---
+import { getLangFromUrl, useTranslations, useTranslatedPath } from '../i18n/utils';
+
+const lang = getLangFromUrl(Astro.url);
+const t = useTranslations(lang);
+const translatePath = useTranslatedPath(lang);
 ---
 <div class="theme-dropdown" id="theme-dropdown">
-  <button class="theme-switcher" id="theme-switcher">Theme</button>
+  <button class="theme-switcher" id="theme-switcher">{t('widget.theme_mode')}</button>
   <div class="menu-body" id="menu-body">
-    <div class="dropdown-item" data-theme="auto">System</div>
-    <div class="dropdown-item" data-theme="dark">Dark</div>
-    <div class="dropdown-item" data-theme="light">Light</div>
+    <div class="dropdown-item" data-theme="auto">{t('widget.theme_mode.auto')}</div>
+    <div class="dropdown-item" data-theme="dark">{t('widget.theme_mode.dark')}</div>
+    <div class="dropdown-item" data-theme="light">{t('widget.theme_mode.light')}</div>
   </div>
 </div>
 
diff --git a/src/components/ThemeSwitcher@CSSOnly.astro b/src/components/ThemeSwitcher@CSSOnly.astro
index 690769f..c0fd2a0 100644
--- a/src/components/ThemeSwitcher@CSSOnly.astro
+++ b/src/components/ThemeSwitcher@CSSOnly.astro
@@ -1,10 +1,14 @@
 ---
+import { getLangFromUrl, useTranslations, useTranslatedPath } from '../i18n/utils';
 
+const lang = getLangFromUrl(Astro.url);
+const t = useTranslations(lang);
+const translatePath = useTranslatedPath(lang);
 ---
 <div class="theme-switcher">
     <input type="checkbox" id="theme-toggle" class="theme-toggle" />
     <label for="theme-toggle" class="theme-label">
-        <span>Theme</span>
+        <span>{t('widget.theme_mode')}</span>
     </label>
 </div>
 <style>
diff --git a/src/components/shortcodes/LinkCard.astro b/src/components/shortcodes/LinkCard.astro
index ac97a31..0ff2d8d 100644
--- a/src/components/shortcodes/LinkCard.astro
+++ b/src/components/shortcodes/LinkCard.astro
@@ -1,6 +1,11 @@
 ---
 import { Image } from 'astro:assets';
 import { getMetadata, getWaybackMetadata } from '../../plugins/get-metadata';
+import { getLangFromUrl, useTranslations, useTranslatedPath } from '../../i18n/utils';
+
+const lang = getLangFromUrl(Astro.url);
+const t = useTranslations(lang);
+const translatePath = useTranslatedPath(lang);
 
 interface Props {
     url: string;
@@ -67,8 +72,8 @@ const archiveUrl = showArchive ? await getWaybackMetadata(url, timestamp) : null
 
     {showArchive && archiveUrl && (
             <div class="link-card__archive">
-                <a href={archiveUrl} target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" title="View archived version">
-                    View archived version
+                <a href={archiveUrl} target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" title={t('component.link_card.view_archived_version')}>
+                    {t('component.link_card.view_archived_version')}
                 </a>
             </div>
     )}
diff --git a/src/components/shortcodes/ProtectedContent.astro b/src/components/shortcodes/ProtectedContent.astro
index 085f170..60fa420 100644
--- a/src/components/shortcodes/ProtectedContent.astro
+++ b/src/components/shortcodes/ProtectedContent.astro
@@ -1,6 +1,11 @@
 ---
 import { encrypt } from '../../plugins/encrypt';
 import {siteConfig} from "../../config";
+import { getLangFromUrl, useTranslations, useTranslatedPath } from '../../i18n/utils';
+
+const lang = getLangFromUrl(Astro.url);
+const t = useTranslations(lang);
+const translatePath = useTranslatedPath(lang);
 
 interface Props {
     password?: string;
@@ -20,10 +25,10 @@ const { encryptedData, iv } = encrypt(content, password);
 
 <div class="encrypted-content" data-encrypted={encryptedData} data-iv={iv}>
     <div class="password-form">
-        <p>This content is protected. Enter the password to view it:</p>
+        <p>{t('component.protected_content.tip')}</p>
         <div>
             <input type="password" class="decrypt-password" title="password" />
-            <button class="decrypt-button">Decrypt</button>
+            <button class="decrypt-button">{t('component.protected_content.button_label')}</button>
         </div>
     </div>
     <div class="content-container hidden"></div>
diff --git a/src/i18n/ui.ts b/src/i18n/ui.ts
index a473799..31a1eec 100644
--- a/src/i18n/ui.ts
+++ b/src/i18n/ui.ts
@@ -1,19 +1,65 @@
+import { i18n } from "astro:config/client"
+
 export const languages = {
     en: 'English',
     zh_hans: '中文（简体）',
 };
 
-export const defaultLang = 'en';
+export const defaultLang: string = i18n?.defaultLocale || 'en';
 export const showDefaultLang = false;
 
 export const ui = {
     en: {
         'nav.home': 'Home',
-        'nav.about': 'About',
-        'nav.twitter': 'Twitter',
+        'nav.blog': 'Blog',
+        'search.placeholder': 'Search posts...',
+        'posts.description': 'Posts from the terminal.',
+        'subscribe.rss': 'Subscribe to RSS feed',
+        'subscribe.newsletter': 'Subscribe to Newsletter',
+        'subscribe.newsletter.description': 'Get the latest posts delivered right to your inbox.',
+        'subscribe.newsletter.email_label': 'E-mail',
+        'subscribe.newsletter.name_label': 'Name (optional)',
+        'widget.back_to_top': 'Top',
+        'widget.back_to_top.title': 'Back to top',
+        'widget.theme_mode': 'Theme',
+        'widget.theme_mode.light': 'Light',
+        'widget.theme_mode.dark': 'Dark',
+        'widget.theme_mode.auto': 'System',
+        'article.last_update': 'Updated on',
+        'article.word_count': 'words',
+        'article.toc': 'Table of Contents',
+        'article.reply_via_email': 'Reply via Email',
+        'article.reply_via_email.body': 'Hi,I would like to reply to your post',
+        'article.back_to_posts': 'Back to posts',
+        'article.comments': 'Comments',
+        'component.protected_content.tip': 'This content is protected. Enter the password to view it:',
+        'component.protected_content.button_label': 'Decrypt',
+        'component.link_card.view_archived_version': 'View archived version',
     },
     zh_hans: {
         'nav.home': '首页',
-        'nav.about': '关于',
+        'nav.blog': '博客',
+        'search.placeholder': '搜索文章',
+        'subscribe.rss': '订阅 RSS',
+        'subscribe.newsletter': '订阅 Newsletter',
+        'subscribe.newsletter.description': '新文章第一时间送达您的邮箱。',
+        'subscribe.newsletter.email_label': '邮箱',
+        'subscribe.newsletter.name_label': '名称（可选）',
+        'widget.back_to_top': '回顶',
+        'widget.back_to_top.title': '回到顶部',
+        'widget.theme_mode': '主题',
+        'widget.theme_mode.light': '浅色主题',
+        'widget.theme_mode.dark': '深色主题',
+        'widget.theme_mode.auto': '跟随系统',
+        'article.last_update': '编辑于',
+        'article.word_count': '字',
+        'article.toc': '文章目录',
+        'article.reply_via_email': '邮件回复',
+        'article.reply_via_email.body': '您好，我想回复您的文章：',
+        'article.back_to_posts': '返回文章列表',
+        'article.comments': '评论区',
+        'component.protected_content.tip': '此内容已被加密，请输入密码以查看：',
+        'component.protected_content.button_label': '确定',
+        'component.link_card.view_archived_version': '查看互联网档案馆的存档版本',
     },
 } as const;
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/pages/blog.astro b/src/pages/blog.astro
index a6fdd7a..c1d8165 100644
--- a/src/pages/blog.astro
+++ b/src/pages/blog.astro
@@ -4,16 +4,20 @@ import { getCollection } from 'astro:content';
 import NewsLetter from "../components/NewsLetter.astro";
 import {siteConfig} from "../config";
 import ArticleList from "../components/ArticleList.astro";
+import { getLangFromUrl, useTranslations, useTranslatedPath } from '../i18n/utils';
 
+const lang = getLangFromUrl(Astro.url);
+const t = useTranslations(lang);
+const translatePath = useTranslatedPath(lang);
 const posts = await getCollection('posts');
 posts.sort((a, b) => new Date(b.data.pubDate).getTime() - new Date(a.data.pubDate).getTime());
 ---
 
-<Layout title="Blog Posts" description="List all files and folders in the directory.">
+<Layout title="Blog Posts" description="List all posts on the website.">
   <h1 class="title">~/blog</h1>
   
   <div class="content">
-    <p class="typewriter">Posts from the terminal.</p>
+    <p class="typewriter">{t('posts.description')}</p>
     
     <div style="margin-top: 2rem;">
       <span class="command">ls -la posts/</span>
@@ -22,9 +26,9 @@ posts.sort((a, b) => new Date(b.data.pubDate).getTime() - new Date(a.data.pubDat
     
     <div style="margin-top: 2rem;">
       <p>
-        <span class="command">cat rss.txt</span>
+        <span class="command">cat subscribe.txt</span>
         <br />
-        <a href="/rss.xml" style="margin-left: 1rem;">Subscribe to RSS feed</a>
+        <a href="/rss.xml" style="margin-left: 1rem;">{t('subscribe.rss')}</a>
       </p>
       {siteConfig.newsletter.enabled && <NewsLetter listmonkInstance={siteConfig.newsletter.listmonk.instanceDomain} listuuid={siteConfig.newsletter.listmonk.listuuid} />}
     </div>
diff --git a/src/pages/blog/[...slug].astro b/src/pages/blog/[...slug].astro
index 3b1ecf9..03c3ff8 100644
--- a/src/pages/blog/[...slug].astro
+++ b/src/pages/blog/[...slug].astro
@@ -10,6 +10,11 @@ import { ExtractFirstImage } from '../../plugins/extract-images';
 import AuthorInfo from "../../components/helper/authors/Info.astro";
 import TableOfContents from "../../components/TableOfContents.astro";
 import "katex/dist/katex.css"
+import { getLangFromUrl, useTranslations, useTranslatedPath } from '../../i18n/utils';
+
+const lang = getLangFromUrl(Astro.url);
+const t = useTranslations(lang);
+const translatePath = useTranslatedPath(lang);
 
 export async function getStaticPaths() {
   const blogEntries = await getCollection('posts');
@@ -29,6 +34,9 @@ const author = Array.isArray(entry.data.author) ? entry.data.author : (entry.dat
 const wordcount = remarkPluginFrontmatter.wordcount;
 const lastUpdated = remarkPluginFrontmatter.lastModified;
 
+const pubDate = new Date(entry.data.pubDate).toISOString().split('T')[0]
+const lastUpdatedDate = new Date(lastUpdated).toISOString().split('T')[0]
+
 // Get author data
 const authorData = await Promise.all((author).map((singleAuthor) => getEntry(singleAuthor).then(authorEntry => authorEntry?.data)))
 const authorInfo =  authorData.includes(undefined) ? [{data: siteConfig.defaultAuthor}] : authorData;
@@ -56,10 +64,10 @@ const cover = customFeaturedImage || matchedImage_src?.src || firstImageURL || `
     <article>
         <h1 class="title">{entry.data.title}</h1>
             {authorInfo.map((a: any) => <AuthorInfo data={a} />)}
-        <span class="date">{new Date(entry.data.pubDate).toISOString().split('T')[0]}</span>
-        <span class="date">(Updated on {new Date(lastUpdated).toISOString().split('T')[0]})</span>
+        <span class="date">{pubDate}</span>
+        {pubDate === lastUpdatedDate && <span class="date">({t('article.last_update')} {lastUpdatedDate})</span>}
         <span>|</span>
-        <span class="wordcount">{wordcount.words} words</span>
+        <span class="wordcount">{wordcount.words} {t('article.word_count')}</span>
         { (cover && cover !== firstImageURL && cover !== `/blog/${slug}/featured.png`) && <Image class="cover" width=720 height=480 src={cover} alt={`cover of ${entry.data.title}`}  /> }
         {headings.length !== 0 && <TableOfContents headings={headings} />}
         {entry.data.summary && <p class="summary">{entry.data.summary}</p> }
@@ -70,8 +78,8 @@ const cover = customFeaturedImage || matchedImage_src?.src || firstImageURL || `
     <div class="extra-post" style="margin-top: 2rem; border-top: 1px solid var(--border-color); padding-top: 1rem;">
         <ReplyViaEmail title={entry.data.title} email={authorInfo[0].email} />
             <br>
-        <a href="/blog">&larr; Back to posts</a>
-        {!noscript && <h2>Comments</h2> <Comments />}
+        <a href="/blog">&larr; {t('article.back_to_posts')}</a>
+        {!noscript && <h2>{t('article.comments')}</h2> <Comments />}
         {!noscript &&
             <script>
                 import "katex/dist/contrib/copy-tex.js"